An aerial shot of Winona
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Things to Do in Bluff Country and the Mississippi River Valley

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An aerial shot of Winona  / Paul Vincent

Things to Do in Bluff Country and the Mississippi River Valley

By Explore Minnesota

More than 10,000 years ago, glaciers covered all of Minnesota except the southeastern corner and carved the deep valleys and soft limestone bluffs of the area. Known by geologists as the “driftless” region (and by Minnesotans as Bluff Country), this land is now graced with charming small towns, gentle rivers, and streams flowing between high wooded bluffs beloved by canoeists, trout anglers, birders and other nature lovers.  

Here are some of its highlights. 

LANESBORO
PRESTON | HARMONY

A couple of bikers on the Root River State Trail in Preston

Root River State Trail in Preston  / Credit: Ryan Taylor

The Root River’s 80 miles offer excellent canoeing, and the paved Root River Trail is one of Minnesota’s most popular biking spots. With 42 mostly easy miles along an abandoned railway line, the trail runs from Fountain to Houston, passing through the lovely river town of Lanesboro. It's home to the Commonweal Theatre, art galleries, antique shops and charming B&Bs. Grab a bite at Pedal Pushers Café, Clara’s Eatery or Juniper’s Restaurant, a locally brewed beer at Sylvan, and a scoop at Another Time Ice Cream Parlor. 

The Root River Trail connects with the 18-mile Harmony-Preston Valley State Trail. Bikers are known to stop at the Aroma Pie Shoppe in Whalan for a sweet treat. The trails wind through the heart of southeast Minnesota’s Amish community, so horse-drawn buggies are common sights on local roads. Harmony and Lanesboro are home to several shops selling Amish crafts and baked goods, and farmstead tours offer a glimpse into this distinct, peaceful culture. 

Niagara Cave in Harmony, Minnesota

Niagara Cave / Ryan Taylor

Harmony is also home to Niagara Cave, which has a 60-foot waterfall, stalactites, stalagmites, and various fossils. Its guided tours are both wheelchair accessible and stroller-friendly. They're offered daily throughout the summer and on weekends in spring and fall. 

Every winter, there is great cross-country skiing in most of the region's state parks and along the Root River and Harmony-Preston Valley trails. The hardwood bluffs also show some of the state's most dramatic fall colors.   

Turquoise Lake at Mystery Cave in Preston

Taking in the turquoise lake at Mystery Cave / MN DNR

In nearby Preston, Forestville/Mystery Cave State Park offers tours of Minnesota's longest cave. It's accessed via underground paths and chambers with stalactites, stalagmites and iridescent underground pools. Above ground, tours of Historic Forestville, a restored 1800s village complete with costumed interpreters, are also available.  

Trout fishing is popular here; Outdoor Life Magazine named the area one of the top 10 trout waters in the Midwest. The crystalline waters of Beaver Creek Valley State Park, near Caledonia, are home to brown and native brook trout swimming between hardwood-covered bluffs that rise as much as 250 feet above the creek. To the north are Whitewater and Carley state parks, on different forks of the Whitewater River near Altura. 

LAKE PEPIN | LAKE CITY

Lake City lighthouse and marina

The Lake City lighthouse and marina 

Lake City is located on the shores of Lake Pepin, the widest spot of the Mississippi River. Surrounded by bluffs, parks, and a historic downtown, it's one of the best birding locations in the state — the "warbler capital" due to its prime location on the Mississippi River Flyway — and the birthplace of water skiing. 

There are many ways to get out on the water in Lake City. At the popular marina, you can charter a sailboat; rent a boat, kayak, or paddleboard; or take a 90-minute cruise on the Pearl of the Lake paddleboat. 

A group of friends hike at Frontenac State Park

Frontenac State Park  / Credit: Paul Vincent

Find burgers at Old Bank Bar and Grill or authentic Mexican fare at Fiesta Jalisco, which features recipes from the owner’s great-grandmother. Reserve a spot for a multi-course high tea experience in the garden at Chickadee Cottage Café, dine by the water at Kelly’s Lake House, grab a pizza at Big Bear Pizzeria and Deli, or pack a picnic from Marien’s Deli for the beach.  

At nearby Frontenac State Park, enjoy views of Lake Pepin as you hike along the wooded slopes. The park has an all-terrain, electric-powered wheelchair that can be used on designated trails. These chairs can help visitors explore areas of the state parks in new ways, often on trails unsuitable for regular wheelchairs.  

WABASHA | KELLOGG 

The National Eagle Center in Wabasha

The National Eagle Center / Credit: Paul Vincent

Overlooking the Mississippi River in Wabasha is the National Eagle Center, where wild bald eagles can be spotted through two-story floor-to-ceiling windows or from the terraced plaza outside. The center offers daily live eagle programs with the rescued bald and golden eagles. 

At LARK Toys in nearby Kellogg, kids and grown-ups can ride a carousel of whimsical hand-carved animals, from horses and deer to ostriches, pelicans, moose and loons. There’s also an antique toy museum, mini-golf and a wide array of toys for sale, including old-fashioned wooden pull toys handmade by local craftspeople. 

Slippery's in Wabasha

Slippery's

Almost all the towns have antique shops, boutiques, and other small businesses, but one of the best times to visit is during the four-day weekend in early May. This weekend features a 100 Mile Garage Sale from Hastings to Winona, with countless shops and individuals participating. 

Slippery’s was made famous by the film "Grumpy Old Men." Watch for eagles on the water or over at Reads Landing Brewing Company. You can also sip locally made beer at Hoppy Girl Brewing or craft cocktails at The Lost Dutchman, a speakeasy and lounge in the basement of the Historic Anderson House Hotel. 

WINONA

View of Winona in winter from Garvin Heights

View of Winona from Garvin Heights / Visit Winona

Beneath Sugar Loaf, the distinctive 500-foot limestone bluff, Winona is the largest town along this portion of the Mississippi. Two universities support a surprisingly lively arts scene for a town of less than 30,000 people. It’s a popular spot for hikers and ice climbers, and Garvin Heights offers one of the best views of the city.  

Winona is also home to the renowned Minnesota Marine Art Museum, which exhibits great art inspired by water. Take a self-guided tour highlighting the historic buildings and stained-glass art across the city. There’s always something going on in Winona, and popular annual events include the Great River Shakespeare Festival, Boats & Bluegrass, Winona Ice Fest, Midwest Music Festival, and Steamboat Days. 

Winona has a popular dining scene that offers farm-to-table fare at Nosh Scratch Kitchen, a replica Italian café at Sapori di Sicilia, craft cocktails and brick oven pizzas at Muddled Thyme, and iconic donuts at Bloedow Bakery 

South of Winona is Great River Bluffs State Park, which offers camping, hiking, and incredible views of the river valley.